Estrogen receptor-β expression in laryngeal carcinoma: correlation with the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition specific biomarkers / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the expression of ERβ in laryngeal carcinoma and the its correlation with the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) specific biomarkers.@*METHOD@#Picture MT-Pv9000 was used to detect ERβ and EMT in 72 cases of human aqueous laryngeal carcinoma and 8 cases of adjacent non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa by immunohistochemistry.@*RESULT@#The positive rates of ERβ in tumors and adjacent non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa were 27.78% and 25.00%, respectively. The differences were not significant (P > 0.05). The abnormal expression rates of E-cadherin and β-catenin were 61.11% and 76.39% respectively. The expression of ERβ correlated negatively with the loss of E-cadherin, nuclear translocation of β-catenin and increased TNM stage. The differences were significant (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The positive expressions of ERβ suggest a good prognosis in the differentiation, clinical stages and lymphatic metastasis of the laryngeal carcinoma. The underlying mechanism may be related with the abnormal expressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin.

Radiographic study of maxillary sinus associated with molars in adult / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#to explore the relationship between the maxillary sinus volume and the amount of alveolar bone, and the effect of molar loss upon the maxillary sinus was further analyzed,by measuring adult maxillary sinus volume, sinus ridge distance, and calculating the gasification coefficient of maxillary sinus.@*METHOD@#One hundred and ninety cases (361 maxillary sinus) with CT examinations were collected, they were divided into group A and group B, 121 cases (242 maxillary sinus) of normal subjects served as group A, 42 cases (65 maxillary sinus) with molar part off were B group, in which 31 maxillary sinus with a molar loss were group B1,22 maxillary sinus with two molar loss were B2 group,12 maxillary sinus with three molar loss (one molar remains) were B3 group, 27 cases (54 maxillary sinus) with upper teeth off were C group. Bymeasureing the maxillary sinus volume, sinus ridge distance and the size of the maxillary sinus, calculating the gasification coefficient, we analyzed the relationship between maxillary volume and sinus ridge distance, and comparatively analyzed the differences among the three groups in the size, gasification coefficient, volume of maxillary sinus and sinus ridge distance.@*RESULT@#In the normal group,the volume of maxillary sinus and sinus ridge distance had a correlation coefficient of -0. 63,(P< 0.05); Sinus ridge distance in group A was larger than the other two groups (P<0.05), and larger in B group than in C group (P<0. 05), anteroposterior maxillary sinus diameter and reft-right diameter in C group was greater than in A group and B group(P<0.05), group C gasification coeffiecent was less than A group and B group (P<0. 05).@*CONCLUSION@#The volume of maxillary sinus is negatively correlated with the amont of alveolar bone; Upper teeth's shedding promotes maxillary sinus deformation; Maxiuary sinus volume has a tendency to decrease.

The Expression and Relationship of AKT and ERK1/2 Proteins in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the expressions of AKT and ERK1/2 proteins in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and normal hypopharyngeal mucosa. Methods The expressions of AKT and ERK1/2 proteins were exam-ined by immunohistochemical S-P technique in 60 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 15 cases of normal hypopharyngeal mucosa . The relationship between expressions of AKT and ERK1/2 proteins and clinical pathologi-cal feathers was analyzed. Results The positive rates of the expressions of AKT and ERK1/2 were 78.3% (47/60) and 66.7%(40/60) in 60 cases of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, which were significantly higher than those in 15 cas-es of normal hypopharyngeal mucosa [13.3%(2/15) and 6.7%(1/15), P<0.05]. The lower the degree of differentiation, the later the clinical stage, the higher the positive expression rates of AKT and ERK1/2. There were significantly higher expres-sions of AKT and ERK1/2 in patients with lymph node metastasis than those of patients without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between expression levels of AKT and ERK1/2 (rs=0.400,P<0.05). Con-clusion There were higher expression levels of AKT and ERK1/2 in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The activa-tion of AKT and ERK1/2 proteins promotes hypopharyngeal occurrence, development and metastasis.

Patency and flow of the internal jugular vein after selective neck dissection / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Evaluating the function of the internal jugular vein after selective neck dissection on patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck by color Doppler ultrasonography.@*METHOD@#Forty patients (76 internal jugular veins) who had undergone bilateral selective neck dissection(36 patients) or unilateral selective neck dissection (4 patients) were collected and divided into 2 groups depending on operation area. Group A consisted of 39 internal jugular veins (IJVs) which dissected level II, III and group B included 37 IJVs which disseted level II - IVor II - V spring the IJV. All patients underwent Doppler ultrasonography before and after selective neck dissection at the 1st and 3rd postoperative months. The following measurements were assessed in each test: presence of thrombosis, expiratory jugular flow, expiratory caliber, area both during expiratory and Valsalva maneuver, expiratory flow speed, Valsalva flow speed. All data were statistically analyzed in two groups by comparisons of preoperative conditions and postoperative conditions.@*RESULT@#(1) None of the 76 internal jugular veins showed thrombosis before or after selective neck dissection. (2) Patency rate at the 1st and 3rd postoperative months were respectively 85.5% and 96.1%. Patency rate of the internal jugular vein in two groups showed no significant changes at the 1st and 3rd postoperative months (P > 0.05). (3) In group A, Valsalva flow speed showed no significant changes at the 1st postoperative months (P > 0.05), compared with preoperative; The remainings showed significant difference. Expiratory calibe, area during Valsalva maneuve, expiratory flow speed and Valsalva flow speed had significant difference at the 3rd postoperative months (P 0.05), compared with preoperative; The remainings showed significant difference. Expiratory jugular flow had no significant difference at the 3rd postoperative months (P > 0.05), compared with preoperative; The remainings showed significant difference. All parameters at the 3rd postoperative months had significant difference compared with 1st postoperative months between these two groups, excepting expiratory flow speed. (4) Differences of the operation area had no significant impact on indications of the internal jugular vein (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#(1) None of the internal jugular veins showed thrombosis after selective neck dissection. The results indicate that thrombosis of the internal jugular veins can be avoided though careful operation, proper operative skill, appropriate management postoperation. (2) Although most of the parameters changed at early stage after selective neck dissection, many of them improved at the 3rd postoperative months, and expiratory jugular flow recovered to the normal range. The results indicate that the internal jugular veins can basically maintain its normal function at long time postoperation.

Application of cricohiodoepiglottopexy in the cases with glottic cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To study the experience of cricohiodoepiglottopexy(CHEP) in the cases with glottic cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis has been carried out in 36 cases with glottic cancer. All cases treated in our hospital with supracricoid laryngectomy with CHEP. Results All 36 cases kept the normal airway, swallowing and speech. Conclusion CHEP is a useful technique for laryngeal cancer, particularly for glottic cancer.

The CT study of relation between the height of middle concha and paranasal sinusitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the relation between the incidence of sinusitis and the position of the inferior border of the middle concha related to the semilunar hiatus.@*METHOD@#Clinical data of 94 cases (185 sides of paranasal sinus) diagnosed by CT detection, operative findings and clinical features were analyzed. The middle concha was divided into 3 types according the position of its inferior border related to the semilunar hiatus: superior hiatus type (the inferior border of the middle concha superior to the semilunar hiatus), hiatus type (the inferior edge of the middle concha at the level of the semilunar hiatus) and inferior hiatus type (the inferior edge of the middle concha inferior to the semilunar hiatus). Statistic analysis were taken for comparing the incidence of sinusitis among the position of the middle concha and other anatomical variations such as deviation of nasal septum, pneumatization of middle concha, paradoxical curve of the middle concha, variations of the uncinate process, ethmoidal bulla enlargements, Haller cells and agger cell pneumatization.@*RESULT@#There was no significant difference of the anatomic variations by comparing the superior hiatus type together with the hiatus type versus the inferior hiatus type (P > 0.05). But the incidence of sinusitis in each type was remarkably different, the superior hiatus type and hiatus type had more sinusitis than the inferior hiatus type. Furthermore, the second and third type of sinusitis in the superior hiatus type and hiatus type weighted over the inferior hiatus type (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#There is no association between the position of the middle concha and the anatomic variations of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus. The poorly developed middle concha may acts as a risk factor for sinusitis and nasal polyps.

Image analysis of carotid artery invasion in head and neck malignant tumors / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the carotid artery invasion in patients with head and neck malignant tumor with multislice helical CT and MPR. METHODS Thirty-six tumors adjacent to the carotid artery in head and neck were studied using 16 slice helical CT scanner.The following two parameters were measured:tumor-artery angle(the angle surrounded by the tumor)and tumor-artery ratio(the ratio between the length of intersection of the tumor with carotid and the diameter of the carotid).RESULTS Tumor-artery angle:in judgment of carotid involvement with axial CT,the accuracy of the tumor-artery angle≥90?group and the tumor-artery angle≥180?group were higher than that of the tumor-artery angle≥45?group (P

Surgery for lesions involved the carotid artery / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the surgical methods for the lesions involved the common carotid artery.METHODS The clinical data of 11 cases with lesions involved the common carotid artery who underwent operations were retrospectively studied.The lesions were 1 case with recurrence tumor after 3/4 partial laryngectomy,1 case with bleeding of the carotid aneurysm caused by tuberculosis,1 case with iatrogenic carotid aneurysm,3 cases with carotid body tumor,1 case with thyroid gland cancer,2 cases with neck tumor,1 case with injury of the carotid artery and 1 case with gas gangrene.RESULTS Common carotid artery was reconstructed in 2 cases after removal of the tumors.The tumors were resected using the carotid shunt in 2 cases.Common carotid artery was sutured in 1 case with neck injury.The common carotid artery was repaired in 1 case with iatrogenic carotid aneurysm after removal of the tumor.The carotid artery was dissected out from the thyroid gland cancer in 1 case.The common carotid artery was reserved in 2 cases after resection of the neck tumors. Neck drainage was performed in the case with gas gangrene.CONCLUSION The surgical methods for lesions involved the carotid artery after removal of the tumors include the reconstruction of the carotid artery, resection and suture the carotid artery,and free of the carotid artery from the tumors.